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Alzheimer’s disease is a costly and devastating disease marked by changes in the brain caused by plaques. Alzheimer’s affects men and women usually after age 60, with characteristics including memory impairment, problems with executive function, difficulty with problem-solving, poor judgment, difficulty with word finding, and behavioral issues, amongst others^{. [2]} Primary care offices provide in-office screening for those with cognitive impairment using cognitive and physical exams. Diagnosis is made using diagnostics tools such as a PET scan or CT scan or undergoing a lumbar puncture to collect and test cerebrospinal fluid. However, there is ongoing research to help with the early diagnosis or prediction of Alzheimer’s disease using tests that can be performed in the primary care office. ^[1]

The National Institute for Health (NIH) is researching whether a blood test done in the primary care provider’s office would be a helpful screening tool to identify Alzheimer’s early. The study was done in Sweden. In Alzheimer’s patients, proteins in the brain called amyloid beta and tau build up and then spill into the bloodstream. ^[1] Researchers compared the blood test results to that of the cerebral spinal fluid test, PET scan, and other evaluations, including cognitive testing, physical exam, and CT scan. ^[1] The blood test was accurate compared to these tests, showing promise in the prediction and early detection of Alzheimer’s disease. ^[1] For now, though, the blood test needs broader community testing. It is not currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), nor is it covered by insurance. [1]

Taking your loved one to the doctor when subtle cognitive symptoms are noticed is essential. Early diagnosis and treatment can add quality years to their life and slow the progression of the disease.

If there is a need for support groups, further education or information on community services for Alzheimer’s patients, Healthier Middlesex has resources to look at, which can be found at https://middlesexcountynj.findhelp.com/search/text?term=alzheimer%27s&postal=08863&language=en

References

[1] NIH (2024). Accurate blood test for Alzheimer’s disease. Retrieved from https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/accurate-blood-test-alzheimer-s-disease

[2] Wold, D.A., Dickerson, B.C. (2024). Clinical features and diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease. Retrieved from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-features-and-diagnosis-of-alzheimer-disease